Impact of green logistics on Vietnam's textile and garment export activities to EU countries: Approach by gravity models with different distributions

Abstract

This study evaluates the influence of Green Logistics on Vietnam's textile and garment exports to the EU market by using data from EU member states from 2013 to 2023. The research methodology incorporates Poisson regression, Negative Binomial regression with fixed effects, and Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood to evaluate the influence of Green Logistics on export turnover, alongside Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to systematically develop a Green Logistics Performance Index (GLPI) for the examined countries. The author has examined the study questions concerning the elements influencing textile and garment exports from Vietnam to the EU market and has evaluated the extent and direction of the influence of Green Logistics on these export commodities. The study indicates that, alongside the examination of the GLPI index, Vietnam's GPP trade openness positively influences the import turnover of textiles and garments from Vietnam to the EU market. In light of these findings, the author advocates for concentrating on four critical factors: the GLPI index, GDP, and trade openness of EU nations through suitable policies and strategies to augment the Green Logistics advantage and elevate textile and garment export revenues to the EU market. Moreover, the optimal method for modeling the gravity model in this context is the Poisson regression random effects model, as it adeptly encapsulates the impact of diverse factors on Vietnam's imports and exports. Conversely, the negative binomial distribution demonstrates that the NB regression fixed effects model displays greater stability compared to the examined models