The State's Role in Managing investment activities under the Public - Private Partnerships in Domestic solid waste management

Abstract

Rapid economic growth coupled with accelerated urbanization has led to a significant increase in the amount of domestic solid waste. Traditional treatment methods such as landfilling or incineration have proven inadequate, and can even lead to water and air pollution. To address this, several countries have found an effective solution: applying the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) investment model to domestic solid waste management. "PPP investment" is a method of investing in public-purpose projects through concession agreements between government agencies and investors. In this model, investors contribute capital, build infrastructure, and provide management expertise, while the government offers incentives such as tax breaks, land use rights, or public services to support project implementation. This model is increasingly seen as a promising direction for the Vietnamese government in addressing challenges related to management. However, in practice, this approach still has some limitations and shortcomings. Therefore, this article aims to assess the role of the Vietnamese government in managing domestic solid waste through the PPP method, from the perspective of state theories. It will also examine successful examples of PPP investment in domestic solid waste management around the world. From this, the article will evaluate and draw out key policy implications to improve the effectiveness of this approach, contributing to the country's sustainable development goals